苹果中克菌丹残留量分析方法研究

目的 为清除苹果中残留农药，确立苹果中克菌丹残留量的毛细管气相色谱分析方法。方法 苹果样本用丙酮及二氯甲烷提取后，再萃取到石油醚中，经硅胶柱净化后采用气相色谱法测定。结果 该方法最低检出浓度为0．006mg／kg，添加回收率分别为：全果95．3％～105．9％；果皮99．0％～104．5%；果肉98．2％～104．3％；土壤101．0％～103．8％。结论 方法简便、快速、准确，各项指标均符合残留分析的要求。     

Deep cleaning of a metallurgical zinc leaching residue and recovery of valuable metals

Huge quantities of zinc leaching residues (ZLRs) generated from zinc production are dumped continuously around the world and pose a potential environmental threat because of their considerable amounts of entrained heavy metals (mainly lead). Most ZLRs have not been properly treated and the valuable metals in them have not yet been effectively recovered. Herein, the deep cleaning of a ZLR and recovery of valuable metals via a hydrometallurgical route were investigated. The cleaning process consists of two essential stages:acid leaching followed by calcium chloride leaching. The optimum conditions for extracting zinc, copper, and indium by acid leaching were a sulfuric acid concentration of 200 g·L-1, a liquid/solid ratio of 4:1 (mL/g), a leaching time of 2 h, and a temperature of 90℃. For lead and silver extractions, the optimum conditions were a calcium chloride concentration of 400 g·L-1, a pH value of 1.0, a leaching time of 1 h, and a temperature of 30℃. After calcium chloride leaching, silver and lead were extracted out and the lead was finally recovered as electrolytic lead by electrowinning. The anglesite phase, which poses the greatest potential environmental hazard, was removed from the ZLR after deep cleaning, thus reducing the cost of environmental management of ZLRs. The treatment of chlorine and spent electrolyte generated in the process was discussed.     

A high-level synthesis based dual-module redundancy with multi-residue detection （DMR-MRD） fault-tolerant method for on-board processing satellite communication systems

On board processing （OBP） satellite systems have obtained more and more attentions in recent years because of their high efficiency and performance.However,the OBP transponders are very sensitive to the high energy particles in the space radiation environments.Single event upset （SEU） is one of the major radiation effects,which influences the satellite reliability greatly.Triple modular redundancy （TMR） is a classic and efficient method to mask SEUs.However,TMR uses three identical modules and a comparison logic,the circuit size becomes unacceptable,especially in the resource limited environments such as OBP systems.Considering that,a new SEU-tolerant method based on residue code and high-level synthesis （HLS） is proposed,and the new method is applied to FIR filters,which are typical structures in the OBP systems.The simulation results show that,for an applicable HLS scheduling scheme,area reduction can be reduced by 48.26％ compared to TMR,while fault missing rate is 0.15％.     

不同农药残留标准下家庭农场种植行为选择

文章建立了政府与家庭农场农户之间的博弈模型,探讨在不同农药残留标准下政府如何对生态种植行为进行激励.研究表明,在宽松的农药残留标准下,政府可通过征收农药税等方式提高农药成本来激励农户选择生态种植,生态补贴及超标罚款的效果不明显;在严格的农药残留标准下,当农产品抽查难度较大时,政府可选择降低检查概率,同时大幅度提高农药价格来增加农户使用生态种植的动机;当政府对农药成本控制力较低或农药价格增量的边际效益较小时,政府应提高其检查概率,同时提高对于农药残留超标的罚款及生态种植的补贴来激励农户使用生态种植.     

模m二次剩余系之Wilson定理

主要研究了模m二次剩余系之Wilson定理,研究表明,若模m有原根,-1为模m的二次剩余,则模m的二次剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数为-1;若不然,则模m二次剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数为1。且模m二次非剩余系全体元素之积与二次剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数相反。若m无原根,则模m二次剩余系全体元素之积与二次非剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数相等。     

蜂蜜中多种有机磷农药残留的液相色谱串联质谱检测

针对敌百虫、敌敌畏和蝇毒磷为常用的防治蜜蜂天敌或虫害的有机磷农药杀虫剂,易在蜂蜜中产生残留,建立了蜂蜜中敌百虫、敌敌畏和蝇毒磷残留的液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)同时测定方法。蜂蜜样品经乙酸乙酯提取、浓缩,用甲醇溶解残渣,液相色谱(LC)分离,电喷雾(ESI)-MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标基体曲线定量。3种有机磷农药在20～500μg/L范围内线性响应良好,相关系数均大于0.994;获得的检出限均为0.1μg/kg,定量限均为4μg/kg。在加标浓度为10～40μg/kg范围内,平均回收率为78.5%～96.8%,相对标准偏差为9.1%～13.1%。     

贵州滥木厂废渣浸出液对隆线溞的生物毒性实验研究

本文通过对贵州溢木厂废渣进行不同酸雨条件下的浸取实验，用其浸出液对隆线溞进行急性生物毒性实验。实验结果表明：pH为5、5．5及6、6．5其96h对隆线溞的半致死体积分数LC50分别为3．4914％、2．3883％、1．5222％、2．0850％，说明此废渣浸出液有很强的生物毒性。     

一般Levy过程下带违约风险的可转换债券定价模型

对可转换债券的相应标的股价S_t=S_0exp[(r-q)t+X_t],在X_t是Levy过程的假设下,运用傅立叶变换和残数定理,得出了带有赎回和回售条款的可转换债券的定价公式;同时,结合Duffie关于衍生产品带违约风险的定价方法,给出了带违约风险的可转换债券定价公式.     

兖州煤加氢液化性能的评价

用两种间隙式小型高压釜,在不同条件下考察了究州煤的加氢液化性能,並与联邦德国加氢原料煤Wester holt煤和美国的Illinois 6号煤进行了对比。试验结果表明:兖州煤具有较高的加氢反应活性,它略高于后一种煤,明显高于前一种煤。以循环油为溶剂,拜尔赤泥为催化剂,在氢初压9MPa,435℃和60min条件下,兖州煤的转化率达84%:油产率为46%。     

渣油热接触改质反应机理——Ⅱ.胶质和沥青质的转化

以添加不同数量胶质或沥青质的胜利减二线为原料油,采用2~#热载体,在固定流化床反应装置上考察了胶质、沥青质的转化。结果表明,在通常的反应条件下,胶质大部分转化为液体,沥青质大部分转化为焦炭。采用热接触改质,可脱除渣油中40～60%的S、N,90%左右重金属Ni以及85%以上的残炭,约90%的胶质和近乎100%的沥青质。